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Effects of short‐term nitrogen supply from livestock manures and cover crops on silage maize production and nitrate leaching
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Titel: |
Effects of short‐term nitrogen supply from livestock manures and cover crops on silage maize production and nitrate leaching |
In: | Soil Use and Management, 29, 2013, 2, S. 151-160 |
veröffentlicht: |
Wiley
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Umfang: | 151-160 |
ISSN: |
0266-0032 1475-2743 |
DOI: | 10.1111/sum.12027 |
Zusammenfassung: | <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Resource use efficiency requires a correct appreciation of the nitrogen (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content>) fertilizer replacement value (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">NFRV</jats:styled-content>, percentage of total <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content> applied) of manures. We assessed the <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">NFRV</jats:styled-content>s of the liquid fraction originating from separated pig slurry (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">MC</jats:styled-content>), untreated pig slurry (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PS</jats:styled-content>), untreated cattle slurry (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CS</jats:styled-content>), the solid fraction from separated pig slurry (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">SF</jats:styled-content>) and solid farmyard manure from cattle (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">FYM</jats:styled-content>) in two consecutive years in silage maize grown on a sandy soil. Maize yields responded positively to each of these <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content> sources applied at rates up to 150 kg of mineral fertilizer equivalents per ha per year (i.e. <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">NFRV</jats:styled-content> × total <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content> rate). The observed <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">NFRV</jats:styled-content>s, relative to calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer, amounted to 78% for <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">MC</jats:styled-content>, 82% for <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PS</jats:styled-content>, 79% for <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">CS</jats:styled-content>, 56% for <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">SF</jats:styled-content> and 34% for <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">FYM</jats:styled-content> when averaged over both years. <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">NFRV</jats:styled-content>s were positively related to the ammonium‐<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content> share in the total <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content> content. Rye cover crop establishment after the harvest of maize reduced nitrate concentrations of the upper groundwater by, on average, 7.5 mg nitrate‐<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content>/L in the first year and 10.9 mg/L in the second year, relative to a bare soil. Regardless of the presence of a cover crop, nitrate concentrations responded positively to the applied rate of effective <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content> (total <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content> × <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">NFRV</jats:styled-content>) but less to postharvest residual soil mineral <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content>.</jats:p> |
Format: | E-Article |
Quelle: | Wiley (CrossRef) |
Sprache: | Englisch |