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Apparent nitrogen fertilizer replacement value of grass–clover leys and of farmyard manure in an arable rotation. Part I: grass–clover leys
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Titel: |
Apparent nitrogen fertilizer replacement value of grass–clover leys and of farmyard manure in an arable rotation. Part I: grass–clover leys |
In: | Soil Use and Management, 32, 2016, S1, S. 9-19 |
veröffentlicht: |
Wiley
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Umfang: | 9-19 |
ISSN: |
1475-2743 0266-0032 |
DOI: | 10.1111/sum.12246 |
Zusammenfassung: | <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Apparent nitrogen fertilizer replacement values of grass–clover leys (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"><jats:italic>NFRV</jats:italic><jats:sup>GCL</jats:sup></jats:styled-content>) and farmyard manure (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"><jats:italic>NFRV</jats:italic><jats:sup>FYM</jats:sup></jats:styled-content>) were studied in a long‐term (24 years) experiment. This paper reports the results for grass–clover leys (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">GCL</jats:styled-content>). Five rates of farmyard manure (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">FYM</jats:styled-content>) and four rates of fertilizer nitrogen (N) were applied to two arable rotations (RotA – arable+silage maize; RotB – arable+<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">GCL</jats:styled-content>). Polynomial response surfaces fitted to dry matter (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">DM</jats:styled-content>) yield and N offtake in the three arable crops were used to assess <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"><jats:italic>NFRV</jats:italic><jats:sup>GCL</jats:sup></jats:styled-content> by interpolation, at high (Method H) and low (Method L) N fertilizer rates, always comparing RotA and RotB at equal <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">FYM</jats:styled-content> rates. In Expt1 (started in 1980), arable crops in RotB required 188, 246, 270, 295 and 312 kg N/ha less fertilizer per cycle than in RotA, to match the <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">DM</jats:styled-content> yields found at highest fertilizer rate in RotA (Method H). These values refer to <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">FYM</jats:styled-content> rates of 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 t/ha per cycle, respectively. Corresponding fertilizer savings in Expt2 (started in 1981) were 287, 323, 341, 346 and 337 kg N/ha per cycle. These <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"><jats:italic>NFRV</jats:italic><jats:sup>GCL</jats:sup></jats:styled-content> values represent savings of 50–83% (Expt1) or 77–92% (Expt2) in N fertilizer applied to the arable phase. Slightly lower <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"><jats:italic>NFRV</jats:italic><jats:sup>GCL</jats:sup></jats:styled-content> was found by Method L. Extra N offtake in RotB over RotA was a poor estimator of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"><jats:italic>NFRV</jats:italic><jats:sup>GCL</jats:sup></jats:styled-content>, showing much lower values and different responses to <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">FYM</jats:styled-content> and fertilizer than <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"><jats:italic>NFRV</jats:italic><jats:sup>GCL</jats:sup></jats:styled-content>. Mixed leys enable large fertilizer savings in arable rotations.</jats:p> |
Format: | E-Article |
Quelle: | Wiley (CrossRef) |
Sprache: | Englisch |